Heat treatment is a controlled process of heating and cooling metals and alloys to alter their physical and mechanical properties without changing their shape. The primary purpose of heat treatment is to improve a material’s strength, hardness, ductility, toughness, and wear resistance, or to relieve internal stresses developed during manufacturing processes like casting, forging, or welding..
In the heat treatment process, the metal is first heated to a specific temperature (depending on its composition) and then cooled at a controlled rate. The process changes the internal structure of the metal — particularly the arrangement of atoms and the size of grains — which directly affects its mechanical behavior.
Heat treatment is an essential step in manufacturing components that must withstand high stress, wear, or extreme environmental conditions. It is widely used in automotive parts, cutting tools, gears, springs, aerospace components, and surgical or beauty instruments — especially in Sialkot, where precise heat treatment ensures the durability and sharpness of steel tools.